The Camera - Aperture

 What Is Aperture?

Aperture is one of two physical mechanisms in the Exposure Triangle. Aperture refers to how width of the actual lense, with parts being covered by mechanisms that block light in a circle around the lense. The lower the aperture, the less of the lense is being covered, therefor more light entering the camera, which leads to more exposed image. Lower aperture affects depth of field through objects closer to the camera remaining clear while objects far away are blurred due to more light causing distortion in the image. While if the aperture was higher, the smaller hole of light allows for more focus of far away objects. This affect is similar to that of a Camera Obscura, all windows are technically producing an image on the wall behind it, but with a smaller pin sized hole, the image becomes clear. To find the right aperture for your scene, one must consider how they want to the picture to be presented, do they want a picture with heavy focus on the subject and blurry backgrounds, or a picture where everything is in focus. Pictures where the background is blurry is for portraits, or single focused shots. Meanwhile, hight aperture is great for wide open nature shots.
Here is a photo with an f-stop of 22, allowing for nearly all of the image to be in focus.
A similar phot with a much lower f-stop of 5, where only the stuffed kiwi is in focus.

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